Analysis of COD Fractions in Raw Wastewater Flowing into Small and Large Wastewater Treatment Plants

Technology Developments for Small Wastewater Treatment Plants

INTRODUCTION Small wastewater treatment plants (SWTP) are here defined as plants with a size less than about 2000 p.e., or with a daily load less than 1000 m/d and 200 kg BOD/d. There are, however, no such exact limits in reality. Therefore, plants up to 5000 p.e. are some times included. The interesting thing is that several practical conditions are more or less of the same type for this class...

“ New challenges for small wastewater treatment plants ”

INTRODUCTION Safe wastewater treatment methods have always been a challenge to the society. During the last 50 years, pollution abatement measures have been given high priority, particularly discharges from the growing urban areas. Early objectives were to reduce the emissions of organic matter and pathogens, while other objectives related to the emission of heavy metals and nutrients (phosphor...

State estimation for large-scale wastewater treatment plants.

Many relevant process states in wastewater treatment are not measurable, or their measurements are subject to considerable uncertainty. This poses a serious problem for process monitoring and control. Model-based state estimation can provide estimates of the unknown states and increase the reliability of measurements. In this paper, an integrated approach is presented for the optimization-based...

Integrating algaculture into small wastewater treatment plants: process flow options and life cycle impacts.

Algaculture has the potential to be a sustainable option for nutrient removal at wastewater treatment plants. The purpose of this study was to compare the environmental impacts of three likely algaculture integration strategies to a conventional nutrient removal strategy. Process modeling was used to determine life cycle inventory data and a comparative life cycle assessment was used to determi...

Title Perfluorochemicals in wastewater treatment plants